World Geography General Knowledge: Continents, Countries, Rivers & Climate - Part 2

World Geography General Knowledge is a vital subject for students, competitive exam aspirants, teachers, and lifelong learners who want to understand the physical and political structure of our planet. It covers a wide range of topics including continents, countries, oceans, mountains, rivers, deserts, climate zones, natural resources, population distribution, and geopolitical boundaries.

This subject helps learners develop a clear understanding of how the Earth is divided geographically and how natural features influence human life, culture, economy, and history. From the highest mountain peaks and longest rivers to major seas, straits, and islands, world geography provides essential factual knowledge that is frequently asked in competitive examinations such as UPSC, APSC, SSC, RRB, State PSCs, TET, and other government and academic tests.

World Geography General Knowledge also includes political geography, covering country capitals, currencies, flags, time zones, international borders, and important global organizations. With the growing importance of current affairs, geographical awareness plays a crucial role in understanding global events such as climate change, natural disasters, migration, trade routes, and international relations.

Studying world geography enhances map-reading skills, spatial awareness, and analytical thinking. It enables students to connect real-world events with geographical locations, making news and global developments easier to understand. For teachers and educators, it serves as a foundational subject to explain environmental issues and global diversity.

Overall, World Geography General Knowledge is an indispensable part of general studies that builds a strong base for academic success, competitive exams, and informed global citizenship.

1. The minor planets revolving between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars are called

A. Novas
B. Comets
C. Meteors
D. Asteroids

Correct Answer: D. Asteroids

2. The lowermost and the oldest epoch of the Tertiary Period of geologic time is

A. Pliocene
B. Palaeozoic
C. Holocene
D. Palaeocene

Correct Answer: D. Palaeocene

3. The luminous colored ring, surrounding the sun is called the

A. nebula
B. comet
C. asteroid
D. corona

Correct Answer: D. corona

4. The longest ship canal in the world is the

A. St. Laurence Seaway (USA and Canada)
B. Suez Canal, Egypt
C. Kiel Canal, Germany
D. Panama Canal, Central America

Correct Answer: A. St. Laurence Seaway (USA and Canada)

5. The major geological events of the Palaeozoic era include

A. Caledonian mountain rise, life comes ashore
B. Appalachians and Central European mountains come up
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. Both (a) and (b)

6. The major events of Pre-Cambrian era include

A. Formation of crust, continents and oceans
B. Formation of crust, birth of oldest known rock, origin of life
C. Formation of present day atmosphere
D. All of the above.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above.

7. The meridian passing through London is called the

A. equator
B. Tropic of Cancer
C. Prime Meridian of Meridian
D. Tropic of Capricorn

Correct Answer: C. Prime Meridian of Meridian

8. The most recent era of the geological time scale is

A. Mesozoic
B. Cenozoic
C. Triassic
D. Paleocene

Correct Answer: B. Cenozoic

9. The low heating capacity of which of the types of coal reduces its value as an industrial fuel?

A. Anthracite
B. Bituminous coal
C. Lignite
D. Peat

Correct Answer: D. Peat

10. The most important factor that is affecting all the chemical weathering processes is

A. Vegetation
B. Topography
C. Climate
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. Climate

11. The longest river in the Commonwealth of independent states is the

A. Irtysh River
B. Ob River
C. Yenisei River
D. Volga River

Correct Answer: D. Volga River

12. The monsoon climatic regions are

A. South-east Asia including Australia, Africa, America
B. Europe and South America
C. Asia, Africa and Antarctica
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: A. South-east Asia including Australia, Africa, America

13. The main vegetation of the steppe type climatic regions is

A. evergreen forests
B. evergreen deciduous forests
C. large grasslands
D. coniferous forests

Correct Answer: C. large grasslands

14. The minerals of the sulfide group are

A. Cinnabar
B. Pyrite
C. Galena
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D. All of the above

15. The major crude oil markets are the

A. Middle East regions
B. far east regions
C. both (a) and (b)
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. both (a) and (b)

16. The most important force that provides resistance to particles towards entertainment is

A. frictional resistance
B. particle cohesive bonds
C. particle adhesive bonds
D. momentum

Correct Answer: A. frictional resistance

17. The metamorphism which involves the chemical replacement of elements in rock minerals when gases and liquids permute into bedrock is called

A. metasomatic metamorphism
B. dynamic metamorphism
C. thermal metamorphism
D. contact metamorphism

Correct Answer: A. metasomatic metamorphism

18. The magnetosphere becomes unstable during the magnetic storms during a period of

A. initial phase
B. storm sudden commencement phase
C. main phase
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. main phase

19. The major cause of species extinction is

A. agricultural activities
B. extraction (including mining, fishing, logging)
C. development (human settlements, industry)
D. habitat loss and degradation

Correct Answer: D. habitat loss and degradation

20. The major crops found in Sudan are

A. rice, barley, bananas, cocoa
B. maize, cotton, bananas, groundnut
C. bajra, oats, tobacco
D. wool, wine, jute

Correct Answer: B. maize, cotton, bananas, groundnut

21. The most pleasant elements i.e. summer temperatures rarely above 40 and winters are fairly mild, occur in the

A. tropical mid-latitude zone
B. sub-tropical latitude zone
C. temperature mid-latitude zone
D. sub-temperature latitude zone

Correct Answer: C. temperature mid-latitude zone

22. The movement of particles by rolling, sliding and shuffling along the eroded surface is called

A. saltation
B. suspension
C. traction
D. solution

Correct Answer: C. traction

23. Which of the following is an igneous rock?

A. Granite
B. Limestone
C. Slate
D. Quartzite

Correct Answer: A. Granite

24. The main dividing line between the geological regions of the Indo Gangetic plain and the peninsula is

A. The Vindhya range
B. The Aravallis
C. The Nilgiri hills
D. The Satpwas

Correct Answer: A. The Vindhya range

25. The mean basin area of successive ordered streams formed a linear relationship when graphed. This statement is given by

A. Morph metric analysis
B. Law of drainage composition
C. Law of basin areas
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. Law of basin areas

26. The most explosive type of volcano is

A. The caldera
B. A cinder cone
C. Basalt plateau
D. Shield volcanoes

Correct Answer: A. The caldera

27. The lowest point, on land, in the world is

A. Death Valley, USA
B. Caspian Sea, Russia
C. Dead Sea, Jordan/Israel
D. Lake Eyre, Australia

Correct Answer: C. Dead Sea, Jordan/Israel

28. The low latitude zone of the globe extends between

A. Tropic of Capricorn and Cancer
B. North pole to South pole
C. Tropic of Capricorn and equator
D. Equator and Tropic of Cancer

Correct Answer: A. Tropic of Capricorn and Cancer

29. The main objective of multi-purpose river projects are

A. Extension of irrigation facilities by constructing dams to store surplus water during the rainy season, for release in summer
B. Power generation by constructing hydropower stations
C. Flood controls and making rivers navigable
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D. All of the above

30. The mountains which come into being after the continental drift started, with the break up of the large land mass of pangola are

A. Young mountains
B. Old mountains
C. Volcanic mountains
D. Fold mountains

Correct Answer: A. Young mountains

31. The Mistral is

A. Very cold wind, which blows down from the plateau of central France
B. Swift, dry, cold northerly wind that blows down from the western Alps and the plateau of Southern France and out over the Mediterranean
C. Wind that blows for 100 days a year and may cause extensive frost damage to plants
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D. All of the above

32. The main period of the Mesozoic era include

A. Triassic period and Cretaceous period
B. Jurassic period and Triassic period
C. Triassic period, Jurassic period and Cretaceous period
D. Cretaceous period and Jurassic period

Correct Answer: C. Triassic period, Jurassic period and Cretaceous period

33. The main percentage of the volume of water in the hydrosphere is in

A. Oceans and seas
B. Groundwater, rivers and streams
C. Glaciers and ice sheets
D. Freshwater lakes and water vapors

Correct Answer: A. Oceans and seas

34. The main tributaries of the Indus river system are

A. The Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi
B. The Beas, the Sutlej
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. Both (a) and (b)

35. The model which explains the various types of igneous rocks

A. Rock cycle
B. Bowens reaction series
C. Both are similar terms
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: B. Bowens reaction series

36. The mean surface temperature of the sun is estimated to be of the order of

A. 5500 °C
B. 4000 °C
C. 2000 °C
D. 1000 °C

Correct Answer: A. 5500 °C

37. Which of the following is an inland sea?

A. Caribbean Sea
B. Caspian Sea
C. Red Sea
D. Yellow Sea

Correct Answer: B. Caspian Sea

38. The most densely populated country of Africa is

A. Mauritius
B. Rwanda
C. Burundi
D. Sierra Leone

Correct Answer: A. Mauritius

39. The major countries of the Middle East are

A. Iran, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait
B. UAE, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Yemen
C. Israel, Turkey, Cyprus, Afghanistan
D. All of the above.

Correct Answer: D. All of the above.

40. The most recent and logical concept regarding the origin of ocean basins and continents is that of

A. Continental data
B. Conventional current
C. Plate tectonic
D. Cooling process

Correct Answer: A. Continental data

41. The main types of air mass include

I. Maritime tropical(mT)
II. Maritime polar(mP)
III. Maritime arctic(mA)
IV. Continental polar(cP)

A. All of the above
B. I, III, IV
C. I, IV
D. I, II

Correct Answer: A. All of the above

42. The major motion of the planet earth includes

A. Rotation
B. Revolution
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Any of these depending upon the question under construction

Correct Answer: C. Both (a) and (b)

43. The most salty sea in the world is

A. Red sea
B. Dead sea
C. Arabian sea
D. Mediterranean sea

Correct Answer: B. Dead sea

44. The most densely populated regions in the world are

A. The monsoon climatic regions
B. The equatorial regions
C. The hot desert climatic regions
D. The summer climatic regions

Correct Answer: A. The monsoon climatic regions

45. The most notable example of a tectonic valley is that of the

A. Doon Valley
B. Kashmir Valley
C. Plains of Aksai Chin
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: B. Kashmir Valley

46. The monetary currency of Greece is called (prior to Jan 1, 2002).

A. Guilder
B. Drachma
C. Yen
D. Dinar

Correct Answer: B. Drachma

47. The main examples of Rabi crop are

A. Wheat, barley, peas, rapeseed, mustard, grams
B. Rice, jowar, barley, wheat
C. Peas, maize, cotton and jute
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: A. Wheat, barley, peas, rapeseed, mustard, grams

48. The modern theory of plate tectonics states

A. The creation of oceanic crust and the drifting of continents
B. The convention currents within the earth's mantle cause the creation of new oceanic crust at the mid oceanic ridges
C. That the oceanic crust is destroyed at areas where this crust type becomes subducted under the lighter continental crust
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D. All of the above

49. The mean distance of the earth from the sun is approximately

A. 149,502,000 km
B. 150,503,000 km
C. 148,000,000 km
D. 150,000,000 km

Correct Answer: A. 149,502,000 km

50. The major control over the form of the developing slope is exerted by

A. Inputs to the hill slope
B. Outputs from the hill slope
C. Balance between inputs and outputs from the hill slope system
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. Balance between inputs and outputs from the hill slope system

51. The middle latitude extends between

A. 23(1/2)° North to 32(1/2)° South
B. 23(1/2)° and 66° in both the hemispheres
C. 66° North to 66° South
D. North pole and South pole

Correct Answer: B. 23(1/2)° and 66° in both the hemispheres

52. The major graphite producing country is

A. Russia
B. Sri Lanka
C. India
D. China

Correct Answer: D. China

53. The maximum soil fertility occurs in the pH range of

A. 5.0 to 6.2
B. 6.0 to 7.2
C. 7.0 to 8.2
D. 4.0 to 5.2

Correct Answer: B. 6.0 to 7.2

54. The mica belt of the Himalayas, the major part of it is situated in

A. Andhra Pradesh
B. Bihar
C. Rajasthan
D. West Bengal

Correct Answer: B. Bihar

55. The most well-known member of the Halick group is

A. Halite
B. Pyrite
C. Galena
D. Hematite

Correct Answer: A. Halite

56. The mountains that separate European and Arctic Russia are

A. The Pyrenees
B. The Balkans
C. The Carpathians
D. The Urals

Correct Answer: D. The Urals

57. The main properties of cosmic ray particles are

A. It's an electric charge
B. It's rest mass
C. It's energy
D. All of these are its properties

Correct Answer: D. All of these are its properties

58. The model that describes how various geological processes create, modify and influence rock is called

A. Water cycle
B. Energy cycle
C. Rock cycle
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. Rock cycle

59. The magnetic field generated due to the magnetic storm is directed in the ____ direction to the earth's main field.

A. Same
B. Opposite
C. Southward
D. Northward

Correct Answer: B. Opposite

60. The main factor determining a region's climate is

A. Longitude
B. Latitude
C. Temperature
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: B. Latitude

61. The moon orbits the earth at a mean distance approximately

A. 0.384 million km
B. 149.6 million km
C. 579 million km
D. 227.9 million km

Correct Answer: A. 0.384 million km

62. The mean radius of the earth is approximately

A. 32,000 km
B. 6,400 km
C. 9,600 km
D. 12,800 km

Correct Answer: B. 6,400 km

63. Which of the following is a warm current?

A. Benguela current
B. Labrador current
C. Kurosiwo current
D. South Pacific current

Correct Answer: C. Kurosiwo current

64. The major countries of Central America are

A. Belize, Costa Rica, Panama
B. China, Taiwan, Japan
C. Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: A. Belize, Costa Rica, Panama

65. The main producers of free gas are

A. The South Bassein and Tapti fields in the western offshore
B. The gas fields in Tripura and Andhra Pradesh (KG Basin)
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. Both (a) and (b)

66. The major pedogenic process acting on soils at the macro scale are

A. lateralization and podsolisation
B. calcification and salinization
C. salinization and gleisation
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D. All of the above

67. The minerals resources of the north-eastern zone include

A. Coal, Fe, Mn, Cu, Mica, U, diamond
B. Crude Petroleum and natural gas
C. Fe, Au(gold)
D. Natural gas, Fe, Au, Mn, U

Correct Answer: A. Coal, Fe, Mn, Cu, Mica, U, diamond

68. The moon

A. Is the natural satellite of earth
B. Has no liquid water
C. Has no atmosphere
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D. All of the above

69. The moon's volume is about ____ that of earth.

A. 1/40 th
B. 1/50 th
C. 1/60 th
D. 1/20 th

Correct Answer: B. 1/50 th

70. The magnetic field of the earth, Magnetosphere expands to about

A. 9600 km above the earth's surface
B. 8000 km above the earth's surface
C. 64,000 km above the earth's surface
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. 64,000 km above the earth's surface

71. The ministry of Water Resources lays down policies and programs for the development and regulation of the country's water resources. It covers

A. Sartorial planning, coordination and policy guidelines
B. Technical examination and techno- appraisal of project providing central assistance to specific projects
C. Facilitation of external assistance in resolution of interstate water disputes, policy formulation planning and development of groundwater resources
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D. All of the above

72. The main crops of Kharif are

A. Rice, jowar, bajra
B. Ragi, maize
C. Cotton, jute
D. All of the above

Correct Answer: D. All of the above

73. The main percentage of the volume of water in the hydrosphere is in

A. Oceans and seas
B. Groundwater's, rivers and streams
C. Glaciers and ice sheets
D. Freshwater lakes and water vapors

Correct Answer: A. Oceans and seas

74. The longest epoch of the tertiary period is

A. Paleocene
B. Eocene
C. Oligocene
D. Miocene

Correct Answer: B. Eocene

75. The main watershed of most of the peninsular river lies in the

A. Aravalli Hills
B. Raj Mahal Hills
C. Siwalik Hills
D. Western Ghats

Correct Answer: D. Western Ghats

76. The longest day (shortest night) in the southern hemisphere is

A. June 21
B. December 22
C. July 21
D. November 22

Correct Answer: B. December 22

77. The most obvious effect of pressure on rocks is

A. Foliation
B. Lineation
C. Lithification
D. The reorientation of mineral crystals

Correct Answer: D. The reorientation of mineral crystals

78. The longest era of the classification of the history of the earth is

A. Cainozoic era
B. Pre-Cambrian era
C. Paleozoic era
D. Mesozoic era

Correct Answer: B. Pre-Cambrian era

79. The main objective of the centrally sponsored Command Area Development program is

A. Improving the utilization of irrigation potential
B. Optimizing agricultural productivity and production from the irrigated area
C. Both (A) and (B)
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. Both (A) and (B)

80. The minimum values of annual receipts of solar radiation occur at

A. The Equator
B. The Tropics
C. The Arctic
D. None of the above

Correct Answer: C. The Arctic